Dr. Harindra Kumar
Abstract:
Employment is one of the most significant indicators of economic development and social stability in any nation. In India, employment generation has remained a central policy concern due to the country’s large population, expanding workforce, and structural transformation of the economy. While economic growth has accelerated over the past three decades, employment growth has not always kept pace with the expansion of the labour force, resulting in persistent unemployment and underemployment (Mehrotra & Parida, 2019; Sharma, 2022).. This chapter analyzes the major employment issues in India, including unemployment, informal sector dominance, skill mismatch, and regional disparities. The study also examines the structural challenges affecting employment generation such as population pressure, technological change, and sectoral imbalance. Using secondary data and analytical insights, the chapter highlights the need for inclusive employment policies, skill development programs, and sustainable economic strategies. The study concludes by proposing policy measures aimed at strengthening employment opportunities through education, entrepreneurship, industrial development, and improved labour market institutions.\r\n
